Law of Contract Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Law of Contract - Assignment Example It might be noticed that an agreement basically contains two components: Agreement and enforceability by law. An understanding is characterized as 'each guarantee and each arrangement of guarantees framing thought for other.' This basically implies there ought to be an offer and acknowledgment to shape an understanding. It is significant that before an understanding is finished there ought to be a Consensus promotion idem (Consensus to the issue) between the two gatherings. Both the contracting gatherings should 'state and mean the equivalent' without which there can't be an agreement. The other component of agreement, enforceability by law, stresses the significance of aim to make a legitimate commitment or obligation to perform or keep away from playing out certain act(s). These demonstrations could identify with social or legitimate issues. A standard structure contract is a pre-set up record of lawful terms normally utilized by a business substance or firm in exchanges with clients. The record indicates the lawful terms administering the connection between the firm and another gathering. The firm requires the other party to acknowledge the record without alteration, and without anticipating that the other party should know or comprehend its terms. A Standard Form of Contract is utilized in light of the fact that the agreement record indicates the lawful terms administering the connection between the firm and another gathering. The firm requires the other party to acknowledge the record without alteration, and without anticipating that the other party should know or comprehend its terms. For what reason would anyone utilize a standard type of contact A Standard Form of Contract is utilized in light of the fact that the agreement record determines the legitimate terms overseeing the connection between the firm and another gathering. The firm requires the other party to acknowledge the record without correction, and without anticipating that the other party should know or comprehend its terms. The adequacy of the Standard Form of Contract is just when it is acknowledged. The Standard Form of Contract are being utilized since the nineteenth century for some, business exchanges like railroad tickets, protection contracts, lottery tickets and mail request deals. These agreements do encourage business exchanges. Another significant explanation behind utilizing this Standard Form of Contracts are that streamline time and exertion and get rid of formal agreement prerequisites that would obstruct business and raise the expenses of items. Accessible Standard types of Contract 1. Fix and Maintenance Contract. This is an agreement utilized for a property holder/occupier without a specialist. (JCT) 2. Minor Works Building Contract with temporary worker's plan. This is utilized as a Home Repair and Mainte

Capital gains Tax Historical Trends and Forecasting

Question: Examine about the Capital increases Tax for Historical Trends and Forecasting. Answer: Presentation: Lasting foundation as characterized under Subsection 6 (1) of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 states that an individual, condition of a position, district or through which an individual continues any business without restricting the all inclusive statement of the prior. This incorporates a spot where the individual is carrying on a business through a specialist or a spot where the individual is utilizing or introducing generous gear or considerable hardware. From the present examination, it is clear that Alex Ran and Ryan Tan an occupant of Singapore having its business in a similar nation anticipating grow their business tasks in Australia (Woellner et al., 2016). The examination features that the siblings have likewise held an offers in ASX recorded organizations is Australia and plans to utilize the administration of stockbroker, which they discovered online to offer the offers so as to raise capital for their endeavor. The decision of the Permanent Establishment gives that it doesn't takes into the thought a spot where the individual is associated with the professional interactions through utilizing the administration of a blaze commission operator or agent. The decisions gives that agents who comparable to those dealings demonstrations in the normal course of their business who doesn't get any compensation or in any case than at the standard rate corresponding to those dealings of that sort, not being where an individual in any case carries on a business. It is vital to indicate that the decisions gave under Subsection 6 (1) of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 states that Alan Tan and Ryan Tan is hoping to raise the capital through utilizing a dealer who will arrange and finishing up the terms of agreements in the interest of the siblings (Snape De Souza, 2016). Subsequently, the utilization of different dealers by Alan Tan and Ryan Tan won't bring about Permanent Establishment in Australia. Assurance of duty suggestions for Melbourne and Cambrai activities: As indicated by the idea of Australian Taxation Laws if an individual gets an empty land either for private use or for business reason it is ordinarily considered as capital resources and are exposed to capital additions charge. In the present investigation, Alan Tan and Ryan Tan purchased the properties with the goal to partition the land into ten squares. The surrendered land was partitioned further into two little squares so as to fund-raise by selling the squares and the staying eight squares for building townhouse. Subsequently, the pay raised from the selling of the partitioned land ought to be considered as capital increases and any benefit is commonly treated as capital additions, which is exposed to capital increases. As expressed under the ITAA 1936 development of land doesn't important outcome in the CGT occasion except if an individual holds the responsibility for partitioned square of land. This thus speaks to that an individual doesn't make capital additions or a capital misfortune during the hour of region. In any case, under the present contextual investigation of Alan and Ryan the underlying aim was to make a capital addition from the offer of two partitioned square of land and this would comprise Permanent Establishment. Then again, the staying eight squares were utilized for townhouse which suggests that the built properties were utilized for private reason and were likewise occupied with the benefit making action of property redesign and is at risk for CGT charge (Kania, 2013). Considering the expense suggestions in regards to the setting of the meaning of Permanent Establishment it is obvious that Subsection 6 (1) definition inferred on obtaining and development of land in setting with the ITAA 1936. Deciding the residency of siblings and assessment suggestions: Australian occupant are typically burdened on their pay from all sources though a brief inhabitant of Australia alongside the abroad occupant they are normally burdened on their salary sourced in Australia. In the present contextual investigation, it is apparent that the foreseen time of remain for the siblings was eight months. As per the 183 days Statutory test an individual would be considered as an Australian inhabitant if an individual has initially been in Australia persistently or discontinuously for more than one portion of the salary year (David, 2013). The magistrate of expense is fulfilled that that the people unique spot of abiding was outside Australia and the individual doesn't plan to take up the perpetual occupant in Australia. As expressed in the given instance of FC of T v Jenkins 82 ATC 4068, where an office of bank was moved from Australia to work in bank of New Hebrides office for a three-year term. Notwithstanding, contingent on the Applegate the time that he sp ent working in New Hebrides was the citizens perpetual spot of house instead of Australia. Subsequently, under the present examination both the siblings spend more than one portion of the Australian salary year living in Australia which would be significantly viewed as more than the legal time of 183 days (Zelinsky, 2016). Thus, they would be considered as an inhabitant of Australia since the span and congruity of their essence was more noteworthy than the one-portion of the pay year. Use of CGT rules with fundamental computations: Utilization of CGT leads on Sale of Shares: Shares in an organization or units are treated similarly contrast with some other CGT resources. It is expected that the offers are procured by the siblings after 20 September 1985 and Capital Gains Tax is material on increases got from the offer of offers or units on the event of CGT occasion (Clark, 2014). Consequently, under the present investigation it is seen that the siblings were occupied with the offer of offers with the assistance of intermediary and increases got from such offer of offers or units are at risk to be burdened under the CGT occasion. The offers were reclaimed by changing them starting with one store then onto the next and got assessable installments as it included automatic change in proprietorship. Tear-downs and development of town houses and arranged removal of townhouse and hamburger business: As expressed under the annual expense appraisal act 1936 if an individual is wrecking a house the cost base doesn't gets diminished on the grounds that any misfortunes endured and can be expanded by the expense of destruction. In the present examination, it is seen that the empty land was wrecked to develop townhouse which was later auctions off to fund-raise and the rest of the squares of townhouse was utilized for private reason (Althaus et al., 2012). In this way, when a property changes its structure to being a business into an exchanging stocks would prompt the use of CGT and any benefit produced using such offer of such square of land would establish Capital increases charge. Then again, improvement made on Cambrai property with the aim to restore as business crowd would speak to an undertaking and any benefits got from the business would be burdened as should be expected salary. Cost Calculation of Fitzroy Project:- Specifics Sum Cost of Fitzroy Block $12,50,000 Financier Fees $16,000 Destruction Cost $37,000 Intrigue Cost every year $35,000 Cost of 10 Blocks $13,38,000 Cost of 2 Undeveloped Blocks $2,67,600 Cost of 6 Blocks $8,02,800 Include: Construction Cost $24,00,000 Complete Cost of 6 Town Houses $32,02,800 Cost of Each Townhouse $5,33,800 Annual expense suggestions on the removal of townhouse: A house is normally excluded from charge except if an individual has a speculation property which is construct or remodeled for removal. Ryan and Alex purchased the surrendered land with the goal to revamp for benefit and utilizing it as maintaining a business, this draws in annual assessment suggestions with capital additions duty and merchandise and administration charge (De Goede et al., 2016). Unique CGT rules are pertinent since both Ryan and Alex are remote private who stops to be an Australian inhabitant for tax assessment reason. Examination of Cambrai Operations: The Cambrai activities will be considered as business since the property was initially procured with the expectation of restoring it for business group. This at last means that any benefits got from the business would be considered for annual assessment (Hegemann et al., 2015). Be that as it may, on the occasion of experiencing misfortune carrying on the matter of business group such misfortunes are exposed to be counterbalanced on increases produced using business crowd as it were. Non-occupant Organization Organization Organization Organization Organization Organization Points of interest 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22 Assessable Ordinary Income 0 0 $15,000 $2,50,000 $12,50,000 2000000 2150000 Less: Deductible Expenses Fixes 850000 850000 850000 850000 Devaluation on Capital Improvements 125000 250000 375000 500000 500000 500000 Intrigue Expenses 60000 60000 60000 60000 60000 60000 Net Ordinary Assessable Income 0 - 1035000 - 1145000 - 1035000 - 160000 1440000 1590000 Assessable Statutory Income: Deal Proceeding of Shares 1750000 Less: Cost of Shares - 625000 Less: Brokerage - 17500 Capital Gain Tax on Shares 1107500 Less: half Exemption 553750 Net Capital Gain Tax on Shares 55375

Understanding Abnormal Psychology

Understanding Abnormal Psychology Theories Print Understanding Abnormal Psychology By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Updated on October 03, 2019 Laguna Design / Science Photo Library / Getty Images More in Theories Behavioral Psychology Cognitive Psychology Developmental Psychology Personality Psychology Social Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology In This Article Table of Contents Expand Overview Perspectives Psychological Disorders Abnormalities View All Back To Top Abnormal psychology is a branch of psychology that deals with psychopathology and abnormal behavior, often in a clinical context. The term covers a broad range of disorders, from depression to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) to personality disorders. Counselors, clinical psychologists, and psychotherapists often work directly in this field. Overview In order to understand abnormal psychology, its essential to first understand what we mean by the term abnormal. On the surface, the meaning seems obvious; abnormal indicates something thats outside of the norm. Many human behaviors can follow what is known as the normal curve. Looking at this bell-shaped curve, the majority of individuals are clustered around the highest point of the curve, which is known as the average. People who fall very far at either end of the normal curve might be considered abnormal. Its important to note that the distinctions between normal and abnormal are not synonymous with good or bad. Consider a characteristic such as intelligence. A person who falls at the very upper end of the curve would fit under our definition of abnormal; this person would also be considered a genius. Obviously, this is an instance where falling outside of the norms is actually a good thing. When you think about abnormal psychology, rather than focus on the distinction between what is normal and what is abnormal, focus instead on the level of distress or disruption that a troubling behavior might cause. If a behavior is causing problems in a persons life or is disruptive to other people, then this would be an abnormal behavior that may require some type of mental health intervention. Perspectives There are a number of different perspectives used in abnormal psychology. While some psychologists or psychiatrists may focus on a single viewpoint, many mental health professionals use elements from multiple areas in order to better understand and treat psychological disorders. These perspectives include: The psychoanalytic approach:  This perspective has its roots in the theories of Sigmund Freud.?? The psychoanalytic approach suggests that many abnormal behaviors stem from unconscious thoughts, desires,  and memories. While these feelings are outside of awareness, they are still believed to influence conscious actions. Therapists who take this approach believe that by analyzing memories, behaviors, thoughts, and even dreams, people can uncover and deal with some of the feelings that have been leading to maladaptive behaviors and distress.The behavioral approach:  This approach to abnormal psychology focuses on observable behaviors.?? In behavioral therapy, the focus is on reinforcing positive behaviors and not reinforcing maladaptive behaviors. The behavioral approach targets only the behavior itself, not the underlying causes. When dealing with abnormal behavior, a behavioral therapist might utilize strategies such as classical conditioning and operant conditioning to help eliminat e unwanted behaviors and teach new behaviors.The medical approach:  This approach to abnormal psychology focuses on the biological causes of mental illness, emphasizing understanding the underlying cause of disorders, which might include genetic inheritance, related physical illnesses, infections, and chemical imbalances. Medical treatments are often pharmacological in nature, although medication is often used in conjunction with some type of psychotherapy.The cognitive approach:  The cognitive approach to abnormal psychology focuses on how internal thoughts, perceptions,  and reasoning contribute to psychological disorders. Cognitive treatments typically focus on helping the individual change his or her thoughts or reactions. Cognitive therapy might also be used in conjunction with behavioral methods in a technique known as cognitive behavioral therapy  (CBT). Types of Psychological Disorders Psychological disorders are defined as patterns of behavioral or psychological symptoms that impact multiple areas of life. These mental disorders create distress for the person experiencing symptoms. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders is published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) and is used by mental health professionals for a variety of purposes. The manual contains a listing of psychiatric disorders, diagnostic codes, information on the prevalence of each disorder, and diagnostic criteria. Some of the categories of psychological disorders include: Substance use disordersMood disorders, such as depression and bipolar disorderAnxiety disorders, such as social anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and generalized anxiety disorderNeurodevelopmental disorders, such as an intellectual disability or autism spectrum disorderNeurocognitive disorders like deliriumPersonality disorders, such as borderline personality disorder, avoidant personality disorder, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder How Understanding Abnormalities Can Improve Lives Abnormal psychology may focus on atypical behavior, but its focus is not to ensure that all people fit into a narrow definition of normal. In most cases, it is centered on identifying and treating problems that may be causing distress or impairment in some aspect of an individuals life. By better understanding what is abnormal, researchers and therapists can come up with new ways to help people live healthier and more fulfilling lives.

Discrimination Is An Injustice And Unfair Work Essay

There are multiple areas in workplace discrimination that can be affected if an employer is discriminative such as promotions, job training, hiring, and even firing. Discrimination is something that can haunt people not only the employers but also the employees. Discrimination can haunt the employers because if they do not treat their employees with respect they can find a lawsuit on their hands and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission knocking at their door. Employees can be haunted by discrimination because they know no matter how hard they work and how far they get they are stuck because many employers who discriminate will not give them the promotions they deserve, or the training they need, or the satisfaction that should already be theirs. Discrimination is an injustice and unfair work problem that needs to be resolved and by resolving this problem equality is achieved. It all begins in a company that Maria is working at. Maria is the only female working in her department and she also is the only Latina in her department. Maria was passed up for a promotion recently and she believes that it is because she is a female, she is of a Latina ancestry, and because she has a distinctive accent. Maria has a graduate degree and she has been with her current company for ten years and in her current position for seven years. Maria feels as though the employee that did get promoted into the position she felt she deserved was due to the fact that he was like theirShow MoreRelatedRhetorical Analysis Of Letter From Birmingham Jail1052 Words   |  5 PagesHow serious the racial discrimination is? A Rhetorical Analysis of Letter From Birmingham Jail It is known to all that Martin Luther King is a famous person in America, who strongly goes against the racial discrimination all the time. 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From biblical eras, when at one point Jews were held as prisoners under the law of the Pharaoh, to more modern times concerning issues with race and other differences such as today’s fight for same-sex marriage approval, there have always been issues presented in society resulting from the many dissimilarities found amongst the appearances, behavior, beliefs, et cetera of the p ublic. AsRead MoreReparations : The Case For Reparations Essay1522 Words   |  7 Pagestalking about discrimination and segregation? Ta-Nehisi Coates presents â€Å"The Case for Reparations† to illustrate the need of a reparation to African- American citizens. Coates explains three major concepts in his paper. He emphasizes how African- American citizens have helped create wealth, displays how the government has actually restricted African- American citizens from owning homes in history, and presents a series of compelling stories from people still suffering discrimination and segregationRead MoreDiscrimination And Discrimination Against Minority Groups1034 Words   |  5 PagesNowadays discrimination still exists throughout the world and in particular in the work and education sectors. â€Å"Discrimination stifles opportunities, wasting the human talent needed for economic progress, and accentuates social tensions and inequalities† (International Labour Organizatio n). That’s why the existence and especially the persistence of racial or sexist discrimination have led to the introduction of new policies in many countries. Indeed, in order to fight the issue of discrimination and redressRead MoreAppearance Discrimination in the United States875 Words   |  4 PagesDiscrimination based on appearance is a severe inequity and its impact is often more invidious than we can presume. Although it is not the most severe form of bias, the costs and disadvantages associated with appearance may necessitate some legal remedy or other societal response. Unfortunately, current legal frameworks are limited in prohibiting appearance discrimination and those established are so often ineffective. Government therefore does not have the means to mandate a change to this injusticeRead MoreBeauty is Harwired839 Words   |  4 PagesDiscrimination based on appearance is a severe inequity and its impact is often more invidious than we can presume. Although it is not the most severe form of bias, the costs and disadvantages associated with appearance may propose for some legal remedy or other societal response. Unfortunately, current legal frameworks are limited in prohibiting appearance discrimination and those established are so often ineffective. Government therefore does not have the means to mandate a change to this injusticeRead MoreThe Book Of The Harvest Of Empire By Juan Gonzalez1379 Words   |  6 Pageswere treated with great injustice. Whenever they fly to the United States, and see their passports, my grandparents and my parents were treated completely different than American citizens were treated. There are a lot of definitions for the word injustice, but for me this word means the lack of rights and respect between an individual and society. In the book of The Harvest of Empire by Juan Gonzalez, illustrate two major Latin American groups that face social injustice. The Mexicans and PuertoRead MoreThe Issue Of Racial Dis crimination1232 Words   |  5 PagesThe use of excessive force might or not be a large predicament, but should be viewed by both the police and the community. The issue of racial discrimination in the criminal justice system is controversial because there is a significant indication confirming both individual and systemic favoritisms. While there is intention to believe that there are unfair elements at every step of the judicial progression, this treatment will examine and attempt to clarify such elements in two of the most criticalRead MoreThe Harvest Of Empire By Juan Gonzalez1376 Words   |  6 Pageswere treated with great injustice. Whenever they flew to the United States, and the policeman saw their passports, my grandparents and parents were treated completely different than American citizens. There are a lot of definitions for the word injustice, but for me this word means the lack of rights and respect between an individual and society. In the book of The Harvest of E mpire by Juan Gonzalez, it illustrates two major Latin American groups that face social injustice. The Mexicans and Puerto

Inclusion in Schools is Extremely Beneficial Essay

Inclusion in schools is extremely beneficial to exceptional students in that it helps to develop successful social skills. Although exceptional students are without a doubt different, the process of inclusion can give students feelings of self worth and allows them to feel included in the education process. Thanks to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) and Section 504 of the Vocational Rehabilitation Act, a free and appropriate public education is mandated for students with disabilities (Peter, 1994). Disabled students must be placed in the least restrictive environment. This environment must be closest to or in the general classroom. Here the student’s individual needs must be met through the students†¦show more content†¦The fact that teaching and including exceptional students is a challenge comes as no surprise (Fine, 2000). In a study by Hines (2001), 120 teachers from six schools were surveyed and it was found that their largest concern was ensuring that all students have an opportunity to learn. Inclusion is linked with attitudes of individuals with and without disabilities. It is seen as a relationship that requires the effort of everyone involved. The Position Statement on inclusion posted by the government is as follows: 1. All students, including those with disabilities, should start in regular education. It then becomes the school’s responsibility to justify why a particular student should be removed from regular education. 2. Most unique learning and physical needs can be met within regular education. 3. Many students with disabilities need support services to be successful in regular education. Exact support should be written in the IEP. 4. 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It is often overviewed when catering to a classroom that each child has specific needs, and that a small group of children within the class may also need further attention. Disability isn’t always visible nor is it always what we think it is. A child may have an undiagnosed hearing or vision problem, he or she mayRead MoreEssay on Inclusion1190 Words   |  5 Pages Inclusion in Class nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Inclusion â€Å"mainstreams† physically, mentally, and multiply disabled children into regular classrooms. Back in the sixties and the seventies, disabled children were excluded all together from regular classrooms. Currently, the federal inclusion law, I.D.E.A. (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act), addresses children whose handicaps range from autistic and very severe to mild (I.D.E.A. Law Page). 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Increasingly, we have been hearing, in the popular press especially, about the issue of after-school programs and its positive impact on children from low-income and migrant families. Purported positive impacts that could be gained from these programs such as closingRead MoreImplementing After School Programs For The Canadian Federal Government Essay1203 Words   |  5 Pagesassess a proposal to implement after-school programs in low-income and/or high-migration communities across Canada for the Canadian federal government. Increasingly, we have been hearing, in the popular press especially, about the issue of after-school programs and its positive impact on children from low-income and migrant families. Research has shown that there are positive effects that could be gained from these programs such as increased soci al inclusion, reduction in the inequality gap between

Left Turning Tendencies Free Essays

We know the four basic forces that act on an aircraft that make it fly. There are however a combination of physical and aerodynamic forces that contribute to a left-turning tendency in propeller driven airplanes. The forces of P-factor, torque, slipstream, and gyroscopic precession all work to create a left-turning tendency during high-power, low-airspeed flight. We will write a custom essay sample on Left Turning Tendencies or any similar topic only for you Order Now P-Factor is a force from the propeller. It is also known as Asymmetrical Thrust. When you are flying an airplane at high angles of attack, the descending blade (right side) of the propeller takes a greater †bite† of air than the ascending blade(left side). This then causes the airplane to yaw to the left about the vertical axis. P-Factor is most pronounced when the engine is operating at a high power setting, and when the airplane is flown at a high angle of attack. In level flight, P-Factor is not apparent, since both the ascending and descending blades have almost the same AoA and are approximately creating the same thrust. Torque is greatest at low airspeeds, high power settings, and high angels of attack. Torque is better remembered by knowing Newton’s third law of motion. â€Å"For every action there is an equal and opposite reacion. † Most single engine aircraft where the motor is mounted on the front, the propeller rotates clockwise when viewed form the cockpit. When the engine puts a force on the propeller turning it to the right, the airplane reacts and rolls in the opposite direction about the longitudinal axis. As the propeller creates thrust and produces a backwards flow of air, or slipstream, the air â€Å"wraps† around the airplane. Since there is a clockwise rotation of the propeller, the resultant slipstream flows over the top of the fuselage back around and underneath, then comes around to strike the left side of the vertical stabilizer. Which then yaws the aircraft to the left. As airspeed is increased, the slipstream tends to â€Å"stretch† out and the left turning force is less apparent. The propeller on an airplane can be compared to a gyroscope – rigidity in space and precession. The characteristic that produces a left-turning tendency is precession. Gyroscopic Precession can be defined as the resultant reaction when a force is applied to a rotating disc. When a force is applied to say the top of the disc, the reaction then is moved in the direction of rotation and approximately 90 degrees ahead of the point where the force is applied. Clockwise turning propellers, when this force is in effect, will yaw the airplane to the left. The effects will be experienced when the aircrafts attitude is changed. This force is not so apparent on tricycle landing gear aircraft, but on tail wheel airplanes, when on takeoff roll as the tail is raised the precession is greatest. Remember that these four left-turning tendencies in propeller driven aircraft, torque, gyroscopic precession, asymmetrical thrust (p-factor), and spiraling slipstream, have their greatest effect during high power, low-airspeed flight conditions. A good and thorough understanding of the effects can help you anticipate and correct for their effects. ———————– [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] How to cite Left Turning Tendencies, Papers

Inventory System in Grand Wines Limited

Question: Discuss about the Inventory System in Grand Wines Limited. Answer: Introduction: An efficient inventory management is the core of the supply chain management in the business processes of an organization. The management of the inventories includes the dealings with the raw materials, finished products, working process and related items associated with the supply and demand in the market. Grand Wines Ltd. is a wines liquor distributor in New South Wales. The company, at present has been facing serious challenge relating to its ineffective inventory management sector. Issues The company is facing conditions of scarcity of stocks which has been causing delay in the supply of the orders to its customers. People involved The people involved with the integration of proper order management in the inventory management system of the company are a list of various internal and external stakeholders including the managers, board, investors, employees, suppliers, creditors and customers. Duration The estimated duration of the development project for the company should be three months. Within this duration, the company should be improving its inventory management process such that to meet the demand of the customers. Budget The budget of the development project should be ranging from $ 135,000 to $ 135,950 approximately. Annotated bibliography Identification of project requirements and deliverables The focus of this article is on essential instrument for the Project Management in order to manage the project in an effective way. The research approach being followed in this article is in implementing the concepts related to the project management in a broader perspective. The article projects the variables related to the project that would be helping in starting the project management. The reliability of the article lies in the fact that it helps the managers of the organization to select and develop the tools required for managing the parameters and variables related to the project management. The value of the article is in addressing the most pressing issues related to project management in the organizations. The originality of the article is its project management tools which are very helpful in the management of the project. In the context of the projects approach, the article would be helpful in illustrating the essential instruments of project management including the PBS ( Product Breakdown Structure) and the Organization Breakdown Structure or the Work Breakdown Structure (WBS). These PBS and WBS tolls would be helping in estimating the project scope on the basis of the project deliverables and their requirements.The focus of this article is in fulfilling the requirements of the project managers and minimizing the interruptions in the proper management of the projects. The research approach being followed in this article is in making the project management to be more effective by following the management skills covered in the PMBOK. The article projects the variables related to the project that would be helping in managing the project. The reliability of the article is in its applications in the project specific domain and the implementation of the basic tools including the Work Breakdown Structure, Project Charter, schedule, plans for risk, quality, people, scope, cost and time management tools. The value of the article is in addressing the networki ng which is required between the project team and the clients or the vendors. The originality of the article is its project management tools which are very helpful in the management of project. In the context of the projects approach, the article would be helpful in illustrating the essential tools related to the project management. It would also help in illustrating the criteria required for the checking of issues related to the project management by implementing the risks management standard requirements. Whole of life consideration The focus of this article is on the illustration of the various approaches related to the cost-effective alternatives such that to tackle with the issues related to a particular project. The research approach being followed in this article is the mapping of the cost alternate strategies for converting single carriageway roads to collision-free roads in Sweden. The article then, studies on the types and nature of the possible causes of collision in the context of risks associated with the transport process. The article is reliable in the sense that it helps in proposing a current trend in the adoption of appropriate maintenance and operation strategies for the project in order to reduce the number of fatal accidents on the narrower roads. The value of the article is in addressing the most pressing issues that when life cycle cost is considered, it should be dealing with the socioeconomic profitability by reducing down on the investment costs. The originality of the article is in its a doption of approach such that to deal with the life cycle cost analysis. In the context of the projects approach, the article would be helping in enabling the managers to implement a costbenefit analysis by assessing the changes in costs in relation to benefits in improved business processes of the organization.The focus of this article is on the illustration of the management of the life cycle needs of the industries, so as to tackle the issues related to a particular project. The research approach being followed in this article is the mapping of the tool to assess the environment, economic and geographical conditions of furniture industry in Italy. The article then, proposes a tool for building a MLP (mixed-integer linear programming) model such that to enable the making of a strategic design related to the project. The article is reliable in the sense that it helps in proposing a current trend in the adoption of appropriate maintenance and operation strategies for the project in order to reduce the number of fatal accidents on the narrower roads. The value of the article is in addressing the most pressing issues that when life cycle cost is considered, it should be dealing with the socioeconomic profitability by reducing down on the investment costs. The originality of the article is in its adoption of approach such that to deal with the closed loop supply chain analysis. In the context of the projects approach, the article would be helping in enabling the managers to integrate industrial synergies by collecting, recycling, reusing and recovering the end of life products in relation to benefits in improved business processes of the organization. Legal environment, probity and ethics The focus of this article is on the illustration of the various approaches related to the internal processes of an organization such that to tackle with the corporate fraud. The research approach being followed in this article is the mapping of the historical background of and developments of the business processes. The article then, studies the types and nature of the possible causes of corporate fraud in the context of business risks associated with the processes. The article is reliable in the sense that it helps in proposing a current trend in the adoption of IT for the corporate operations in order to determine the ethical course of actions of minimizing the inventory impairment loss related to the business processes in various organizations. The value of the article is in addressing the most pressing issues related to the inventory impairment loss in the company. The originality of the article is in its adoption of holistic approach such that to deal with the corporate fraud. I n the context of the projects approach, the article would be helping in enabling the managers to think critically about the fundamental accounting issues by considering the legal implications related to the business processes of the organizations.The focus of this article is on the illustration of the ethical dilemma through the case study of inventory impairment loss related to the International Retail Computer Solutions (IRCS). The research approach being followed in this article is the capturing of the knowledge of the accounting issues by considering the implications of the ethical actions related to the inventory impairment process. The article then, studies the inventory performance, on the basis of the ethical dilemma as illustrated in the case study. The article is reliable in the sense that it helps in proposing an ethical framework including the Code of Professional Conduct of AICPA in order to determine the ethical course of actions of minimizing the inventory impairment loss related to the case study organization. The value of the article is in addressing the most pressing issues related to the inventory impairment loss in the company. The originality of the article is its response to the exposure of a realistic ethical scenario. In the context of the projects approach, the article would be helping in enabling the managers to think critically about the fundamental accounting issues by considering the ethical implications related to the case study. Procurement strategies The focus of this article is on development of forecasting model for retailers based on the customer segmentation for improving the performance of the inventory in the organizations. The research approach being followed in this article is the capturing of the knowledge of the segmenting the customers of a retail store by taking the various attributes as the input to the demand forecasting. The article then, studies the inventory performance on the basis of the forecasting model as proposed by the authors. The article is reliable in the sense that it helps in proposing a forecasting model related to the inventory replenishment system which would be helping in increasing the customer service level. The value of the article is in addressing the most pressing issues related to the retail management in the companies. The originality of the article is its demand forecasting model which is very helpful in the inventory and supply chain management. The forecasting model as proposed in the ar ticle is believed to be outperforming the other existing models. In the context of the projects approach, the article would be helping in improving the performance of the inventory in the organization. The focus of this article is on development of EOQ (Economic Order Quantity) model for retailers based on the defective percentage of goods and items for improving the performance of the production process. The research approach being followed in this article is the capturing of the knowledge of the production process by estimating the effect of percentage defective on the optimal solution. The article then, studies the inventory performance on the basis of the forecasting model as proposed by the authors. The article is reliable in the sense that it helps in proposing an EOQ model related to the inventory replenishment system which would be helping in reducing the production of defective items and goods. The value of the article is in addressing the shortage backorder related to the production process in the companies. The originality of the article is its EOQ model which is very helpful in the inventory and supply chain management. The EOQ model as proposed in the article is believ ed to be outperforming the other existing models. In the context of the projects approach, the article would be helping in improving the performance of the inventory in the organization. Conclusion From the analysis of the annotated bibliography and the descriptions as presented in this paper, it can be stated that the paper consists of the list of appropriate resources and the analysis of which could be helpful for the readers to manage the project in an efficient manner. The management of the inventories of Grand Wines Ltd. includes the dealings with the raw materials, finished products, working process and related items associated with the supply and demand in the market. The evidences and resources as presented above would be helping in identifying the project deliverables and the requirements estimating the project scope on the basis of the project deliverables and their requirements. It would also help in illustrating the criteria required for the checking of issues related to the project management by implementing the risks management and standard requirements. The models and frameworks as presented in the resources would be enabling the managers to implement a costbenef it analysis by assessing the changes in costs in relation to benefits in improved business processes of the organization. Besides, the implementation of the EOQ and the forecasting model would be helping in improving the performance of the inventory in the organization in the future. Refrences Sulak, H., Eroglu, A., Bayhan, M. and Avci, M.A., 2015. An Economic Order Quantity Model for Defective Items under Permissible Delay in Payments and Shortage. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 5(1), pp.302-316. Bala, P.K., 2012. Improving inventory performance with clustering based demand forecasts.Journal of Modelling in Management,7(1), pp.23-37. Long, J.H., Mertins, L. and Searcy, D.L., 2012. IRCS: Valuing ethics at the expense of inventory. Issues in Accounting Education, 28(1), pp.153-172. Omoteso, K. and Obalola, M., 2014. The Role of Auditing in the Management of Corporate Fraud. Ethics, Governance and Corporate Crime: Challenges and Consequences (Developments in Corporate Governance and Responsibility, Volume 6) Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 6, pp.129-151. Accorsi, R., Manzini, R., Pini, C. and Penazzi, S., 2015. On the design of closed-loop networks for product life cycle management: economic, environmental and geography considerations. Journal of Transport Geography, 48, pp.121-134. Wennstrm, J., Sundquist, H. and Karlsson, R., 2016. Life cycle cost considerations in project appraisals of collision-free roads. Structure and Infrastructure Engineering, 12(2), pp.275-287. Desmond, C., 2014. Project management tools. IEEE Engineering Management Review, 42(4), pp.11-12. Lamers, M., 2016. Do you manage a project, or what? A reply to Do you manage work, deliverables or resources, International Journal of Project Management, April 2000. [online] Available at: https://1-s2.0-S0263786300000533-main.pdf.

How did the Holocaust happen, and who is responsible Essay Example Essay Example

How did the Holocaust happen, and who is responsible Essay Example Paper How did the Holocaust happen, and who is responsible Essay Introduction The Holocaust is the name given to describe the murder of approximately six million Jews in Europe during World War II, which was a plan devised and carried out by the Nazi’s under the rule of Adolf Hitler. There are many different viewpoints of how the Holocaust actually came about, but my primary belief is that it was down to Hitler. During 1941 the Nazi’s began to display anti-Semitic propaganda as the beginning of their aim to remove Jewish presence in Europe, which they codenamed their ‘Final Solution’.By 1945 an estimated six million Jewish people had died through various different ways such as concentration camps, massacres and forced marches; the six million estimation is roughly two thirds of the current population of Jews in Europe at that time. Many people knew of the ‘Final Solution’ but they did not seem to rise to it, and thousands collaborated with the Nazi regime willingly, although there is much debate to what extent indoctrina tion and submission of the people to propaganda played a part in their compliance.The Nazi’s were not the first to persecute the Jews, it began around two thousand years ago. Anti-Semitic teachings were widespread among European Christians. Some people believe that the Holocaust was merely the shocking inevitability which doomed the Jewish people for centuries, and the Nazi’s just exploited that inevitability. The Nazi’s exploited this long lasting hatred with the addition of gas chambers, railway infrastructures, concentration camps and gigantic ovens which made the process much quicker and efficient.Other beliefs have led to the German people being accused for the Holocaust having taken place. There was a small minority to which the ‘Final Solution’ was their policy, and the Nazi’s also exploited this, making it appear to be the belief of all Germans. There were people who did not agree with the Nazi policy of extermination, but they were i ndefinitely silenced. The German nation was a new one, and the Germans had not found their sense of national identity due to the bombardment of propaganda and constant indoctrination which I believe left them very little space and time for free thought on such matters. Although, Germany was not the only country which showed anti-Semitic policies, most countries at the time did so, after World War I many Jewish people saw Germany as the centre of modern civilisation.National Socialism was a political ideology which was a one of a kind in the way in which it displayed racism and anti-Semitism. After Germany’s defeat in the Second World War, many blamed the fact that the Nazi’s put so much effort and energy into completing the Final Solution that they had lost sight of their military interests. This sense of nationalism and racism was not uncommon during this period; many countries had nationalist parties with similar anti-Semitic policies.The Nazi’s bombarded the Jews with countless attacks. It began in 1933 with Hitler ordering a one-day boycott of Jewish business’ and shops. This alone is seemingly harmless, and just simply a jest that would be supported by those who had began to believe that it was the fault of the Jewish people that the Germans had lost World War II. Hitler introduced new laws which prevented the Jews from having government jobs, this began to suppress the Jews as they were no longer deemed equal in a professional respect. Positions of influence such as lawyers, teachers and civil servants were no longer available to Jews, and they were sacked. During 1934 there was an increase in anti-Jewish propaganda as local councils banned Jews from parks, swimming pools and playing fields; removing the Jewish people’s rights to enjoy themselves in public. In 1935 the Jews were forbidden to represent their country in the Army.Nuremberg laws were passed on the 15th of September, 1935 which stated Jewish people couldnâ⠂¬â„¢t be citizens, only those whom had German blood. Germans and Jews were no longer allowed to have relationships, this level of interference in day to day life began to show an extreme form of prejudice towards the Jewish people. In 1937 Hitler attacked the Jews in a speech for the first time in two years. 1938 saw Kristallnacht which was a definite advancement in anti-Semitic policies; many Jewish people were murdered at this time. Jews were de-humanised, males had to use the name Israel and Sarah for the females, and the Jews had to have a red letter J stamped on their passports. In 1939 it reached the extent at which Jews were even prohibited from purchasing cakes and chocolate. This breakdown of major policies and changes in society definitely shows a serious yet slow introduction of anti-Semitic policies; the slow introduction of the policies made it much easier for the German people to accept.Daily bombardment of propaganda and indoctrination at the very beginning led to th e German people accepting the anti-Semitic views. The German people wanted someone to blame for their losses in World War I, and the Germans were a perfect scapegoat as there was pre-existing prejudice. The children were subject to an extreme bombardment of propaganda and Nazi ideologies which made the acceptance very easy. Teaching consisted of different anti-Semitic lessons such as distinguishing the difference between a Jew and a German, and the idea of the Aryan ‘perfect’ race was strongly re-enforced. Hitler had the Hitler Youth programme which consisted of what may be seen as a training regime for the young to become the next German army. The boys pressured each other into joining the Hitler Youth programme, and those who didn’t were subject to vast torment, humiliation and segregation due to them not participating in the Nazi regime.This shows on a very deep level that the German people wanted to be part of something good. The whole Nazi regime, as many pe ople have said seemed perfect at the time. Hitler had salvaged Germany from an economic low reducing unemployment vastly and providing many services from the state which would otherwise not have been available to the masses. The German people were kept constantly happy, so it seemed, and everything that Hitler and the Nazi regime brought their way was simply accepted. This may be seen as an excuse for the participation of the bystanders and the willingness of the German people to participate in the Nazi regime, but I truly believe that had there not been the benefits that they had received, and been lulled into a false sense of security believing that they were far better off with the regime, that the anti-Semitic views would most definitely have not been accepted and acted upon such as they were.The SS which was led by Heinrich Himmler, played a major role in the Nazi genocide. It was the SS who were Hitler’s soldiers, they were sworn allegiance to Hitler and were to do his bidding. The SS carried out most of the killing of the Jews, they operated the concentration camps and devised the processes to kill the Jews in the most efficient ways, often using Jewish prisoners to carry the dead Jews to be buried. The obedience of the SS was crucial for the Holocaust to have taken place. Without the cooperation of the SS there may have been much more uproar and oppression. The SS succeeded in oppressing people who objected against the regime, often making an example of them. The SS were looked up to by the youth, and some of the elderly alike as the strong German figures in society, mainly due to the effective propaganda displayed by the Nazis.Hitler had people constantly working towards him, also known as working towards the Furher, which involved people acting upon Hitler’s ideals and carrying them out. Many people believe that this is why Hitler cannot be directly linked with any orders for the extermination of the Jewish race. There is deemed to be a lack of documentary evidence which links Hitler with the Final Solution as Hitler never wrote orders, he issued them verbally, or by simply nodding his head or waving his hand to show his thoughts on a matter, this led to people acting upon what they thought Hitler would approve, which to them meant that they could gain power, Hitler was seen as all powerful. There was an outcry after a euthanasia policy was brought into operation, which led to Hitler insisting that the extermination plan should not be organised from the Chancellery. This on record shows Hitler as not to be the one delivering the orders. Writh and Victor Brack claimed that the transfer of the euthanasia programme to the Final Solution was a ‘special commission from the Fuhrer’ which was a ‘Furher-order’.Hitler adopted the Final Solution over time. It is believed that given the evolution of uncontrolled killing by the local authorities that no decision from Hitler was required. Eberhard Jac kel argues that Hitler had made the key decisions for the Final Solution as early as 1940 but A. Hillgruber argues that 1941 was a much more realistic time and that he had located a verbal order from Hitler to Himmler to preparre the Einsatzgruppen for extermination of Russian Jews. On the other hand, Ian Kershaw suggests that mid-September is a much more likely option due to Nazi policy not being clear. This array of views shows that it is not possible to track down Hitler’s actual intentions and how difficult it is to pinpoint a time or place for which Hitler supposedly ordered the Final Solution to take place.The historical interpretation is one that is presented by many historians that most Germans were unaware of the Final Solution. There is little to no evidence that states that the German people supported the Final Solution, but it must be fact that there was at least a minority who were directly involved in the extermination. Many people claimed that they were brainwa shed by the Nazi propaganda which I personally believe is a major factor to their compliance. There is much belief that in 1930 there was much opposition to radical and violent attacks on Jews. It is said that many condemned Kristallnacht even at the risk of their own liberty. None of this opposition was widely documented, and the majority of reading material leads you to believe that the majority of people were in actual fact in support of the anti-Semitic policies due to a censorship and the fact that some people lived in constant fear and with the inability to speak out due to fear of oppression.In conclusion it is my firm belief that it was due to many factors and the full combination of them all, but dominantly the role that Hitler played that the Holocaust existed. I do not believe that it would have been possible for the Holocaust to have taken place without Hitler and the Nazi party working together adequately in preventing the German people from rebelling against the Nazi r egime with a constant supply of intricate propaganda in different forms, some of which in your face, other methods much more subliminal.Ultimately Hitler played the biggest role in the persecution of the Jews as it was ultimately his aim to have a scapegoat, a reason as to why the ‘great German nation’ lost the First World War; the Jewish people were his window of opportunity, and he seized that with a solid foundation and position in German society by being much loved due to his characteristics and the belief held by many German people that he was actually doing a vast amount of good for the German economy and returning it to be the powerful state which it once was. How did the Holocaust happen, and who is responsible Essay Thank you for reading this Sample!

B Control to Essay Example

Comparative Sleep Study of Basic a/B Control to Essay Example Comparative Sleep Study of Basic a/B Control to Essay Comparative Sleep Study of Basic a/B Control to Essay Comparative sleep study of basic A/B control to Evaluate the alternate breathing method Alonzo Marroquin Jr. Abstract This paper explores several published articles that report on results from research conducted on a sleep study over a span of six days that comprised of normal conditions of sleep patterns and the alternate breathing method. Evaluate and suggest if there is any satisfactory evidence on both studies that validate the finding of quality aided sleep. From an investigative standpoint, the comparison of normal sleep and alternate nostril breathing prior to falling asleep can justify that quality both ways benefit sleeping at night. This study will provide a documented tracking on three days of normal sleep and three days of alternate nostril breathing prior to sleep. Described and analyzed cultural and ethical implications of natural vs. medical remedies for sleep, including some strengths and weaknesses. Analyze biological perspective to the claim of relevance that can support this technique. Covering the scientific perspective the process of research and which components this study including Eastern medicine versus Western medicine. This study will provide a thesis and a hypothesis and if there is any correlation to better quality sleep from alternate nostril breathing works as a natural sleep aid. Exam if there are any skeptical aspects during the scientific method. Comparative sleep study of basic A/B control to evaluate the alternate breathing method Sleeping is something we spend doing approximately one third of our human life cycle and can vary in quality from one night to another and have a tremendous impact on our daily performance when we awake the next morning by either having a lousy day or having a productive day. Some 70 million people in the United States have a sleep problem. About 40 million adults suffer from a chronic sleep disorder; an additional 20 – 30 million have intermittent sleep-related problems (Berman, 2011). † Many people have difficulty with sleep and don’t give sleeping a second thought as to why they might only slept for a few hours, and complaining about having problems throughout the whole day, and not cognizant of a sleeping disorder or medical problems directly related from sleeping. Today, there are many variables that can affect us such as faster paced lifestyles, more nightshift workers, and seems to not be enough hours in the day to accomplish many tasks so we sacrifice valuable sleep. Conducting a comparative sleep study to evaluate normal and alternate breathing method to see which is more effective from a biological perspective, the cultural and ethical implications of natural versus medical remedies for sleep, the scientific perspective that some people might be skeptical, and provide personal data from sleep comparison. Sleep study results The first three nights of using no sleep aids prior to going to sleep during the normal phase was very easy for me since I work a night shift and go to sleep within 15-20 minutes when I arrive home in the early a. m. My routine is simple brush teeth, change clothes, drink a glass of water, and lock all the doors to the house before getting into bed. I easily fall asleep each night within five minutes of lying in the bed. Thirty years ago, I took a course called Silva mind control which taught me how to understand and control my body, breathing, and to go into a pattern of deep relaxation within minutes and have been successful ever since. I still wake up after five hours to go to the restroom and then return to bed until I wake up each morning at 10:30 – 10:45 a. m. My sleep pattern is very consistent and I averaged approximately 7 ? hours of sleep a night. My overall rate of restfulness score was 9. 5 During the Alternate breathing phase, I did my normal routine until I got into bed, I started the breathing exercises for 10 times then laid for a few minutes to evaluate what had transpired. I felt that my breathing rate had slowed down somewhat after the second day and I seemed to be calmer before actually falling asleep. I still wake up after five hours to go to the restroom and then return to bed until I wake up each morning at 10:30 – 10:45 a. m. My sleep pattern is very consistent and I averaged approximately 7 ? hours of sleep a night. My overall rate of restfulness score was 9. 5 The difference between the two conditions of normal versus alternative nostril breathing were insignificant but I did li ke the idea of being a little more calm with the alternate breathing prior to falling asleep. The hypothesis of the alternative nostril breathing does substantiate as a natural sleep aid was not supported through this study. I believe my mediation method is more effective than the alternate breathing method overall. Biological Perspective From a biological perspective, alternate breathing method can be a viable method towards a natural sleep aid for some people and if used on a long term basis and reduce breathing rate and the effects on the behavior. The nervous system, the brain, respiratory system, and the immune system but ultimately all organs interconnected. These claims make a lot of sense biologically since this directly has a grip on our behavior if we get or don’t get enough sleep or quality sleep. Sleep isn’t merely a time when your body and brain shut off. While you rest, your brain stays busy, overseeing a wide variety of biological maintenance tasks that keep you running in top condition and prepare you for the day ahead. â€Å"Darwin – His theory of natural selection published in his book â€Å"The Origin of Species† (1859) was a major influence on the biological perspective. Darwin was advocating not only the inheritance of characteristics, but also an evolutionary link between humans and all other species. Even though, his theory caused much controversy, it laid the basis for the study of hereditary influences on behavior (Fuller et al, n. . ). † This method would work biologically from an empirical studies standpoint. Many books and studies over the past 140 years and provided evidence to support this from Freud, Erikson, Levinson, and Piaget. Cultural and Ethical Implications Most people need about seven to eight hours of sleep each night an d the lack of sleep can cause problems like an increases risk of hypertension and heart disease, and lowers the immune system, irritability and moodiness, and have the person potentially susceptible the flu and colds. Natural remedies for improving sleep far outweigh other methods because it carries the most benefits that would be beneficial to your body. Several ideas to name a few are proper diet, herbal medicines, herbal teas, relaxation techniques, exercise, aromatherapy, music, acupuncture, and the possibilities are endless. Drinking teas and adding honey is a nice touch that contains antioxidants for better health and to calm the mind and body and is a great regiment to do before going to sleep. Relaxation techniques have a variety of methods such as yoga, progressive muscle relaxation, visualization. Yoga combines deep breathing, meditation, and stretching. A Harvard study found that daily yoga for eight weeks improved total sleep time, the time to fall asleep, and if youve never tried yoga before, not to worry (Wong, 2011). Medical remedies for sleep would be considered a practical solution for short term use only; however, they often make the problem worse over longer periods of time. Taking these medicines for longer periods may develop an addiction if not used correctly. The strengths of this are and some the weaknesses can vary in range from dizziness, groggy, lack of coordination, forgetfulness, constipation, urinary retention, blurred vision, and dry mouth and throat. Some chemical can have an adverse reaction in the body in not taken properly or consult a physician. The main concept is to find the root cause of the insomnia and not momentary Band-Aid the situation. Cultural implications of natural and medical remedies can be ascertained by a belief system of the person treating or helping to fix the sleep situation because we now live in a multicultural society in America. Some concerns including health professional and family values or trying to impose new ideas can have an impact on current society values of a person and can take decades to reverse the change. Ethical implications of medical remedies can have a more serious consequences is not dealt with properly such getting addicted to a drug and having more problems to treat besides the insomnia. The natural approach is the first measure unless not corrected, and then professional help should be sought. Scientific Perspective The scientific method is based on Empirical or measurable evidence and consists of the following systematic observation, measurement, and experiment, and the formulation, testing, and the revising the hypothesis. See below, diagram 1. The primary function is to inquiry of the knowledge to speak for itself, and support the theory confirmed and challenged. Hypotheses are explanations of designed experimental studies. The scientific method is following the steps to replicate the process to prove the validity of the hypothesis with little or no bias. Scientific methods are used in various studies such as experimental research involving rigorous esting data and generating some statistically data. The skepticism from this technique can be part of problem because of the biases from external sources or ethical considerations. Potential objective issues such as Western medicine versus Eastern medicine can have very diverse philosophies that have some cultural drawbacks when looking or approac hing a problem. Eastern medicine belief is a balance between mind, body, and spirit. Primary focuses on prevention and management of chronic illness, and the recognition of the importance of lifestyle and the mind/body connection. Western medicine belief is health is the absence of pain, symptoms, and physical or mental defects. Both medicines offer many benefits, however the approach or the ideology may differ and the end result is the patient’s well-being. â€Å"In the Western world we are required to scientifically test and prove the efficacy of the treatments prescribed to patients. Extensive testing and laborious research is done in phases and then presented to the FDA for approvals before patients can be prescribed new and innovative treatment, testing and imaging options. Eastern medicine is not as regulated and therefore not scientifically proven and because it is less understood, it is typically relegated to a voodoo status† (Pavlov, 2010). [pic] References Berman MD, M. (2011, March 8). Its National Sleep Awareness Week! MedPage Today. Retrieved July 24, 2012, from medpagetoday. com/Blogs/CelebrityDiagnosis/25223 Danucalov, M. , Simoes, R. , Kozasa, E. , Leite, J. (2008). Cardiorespiratory and Metabolic Changes during Yoga Sessions: The Effects of Respiratory Exercises and Meditation Practices. Applied Psychophysiology Biofeedback, 33(2), 77-81. oi:10. 1007/s10484-008-9053-2 Fuller, T. , Perez, G. , Espinosa, V. (n. d. ). The Biological Perspective. International Counselor. org. Retrieved July 21, 2012, from internationalcounselor. org/Psych/Biological/biological_review%20notes. htm Fogarty, Carole. 12 Great Reasons To Start Alternate Nostril Breathing:. Rejuvenation Lounge. The Living Lounge, 2009. Web. 21 July 2012. http://thehealthyl ivinglounge. com/2009/06/16/12-great-reasons-to-start-alternate-nostril-breathing-today/ Pavlov, M. D. , Helene. The Voodoo Eastern Medicine Vs. The Tested (And FDA Approved) Western Medicine. The Huffington Post. TheHuffingtonPost. com, 14 Jan. 2010. Web. 29 July 2012. huffingtonpost. com/helene-pavlov/the-voodoo-eastern-medici_b_419873. htm Raghuraj, P. P. , Telles, S. (2008). Immediate Effect of Specific Nostril Manipulating Yoga Breathing Practices on Autonomic and Respiratory Variables. Applied Psychophysiology Biofeedback, 33(2), 65-75. doi:10. 1007/s10484-008-9055-0 Wong, C. (2011, October 5). Sleep Aids. About. com Alternative Medicine. Retrieved July 26, 2012, from http://altmedicine. about. com/cs/conditionsitoq/a/Insomnia. htm

Law Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Law Ethics - Essay Example Regardless, Title VII's notions have stood up in court, and this means that it has to be acknowledged in the workplace. This is true of the Eatman case, and through further analysis, once can display the fact that UPS's intentions were clearly in the wrong, as Title IV does not allow them to fire on the basis of religious discrimination. Title VII does not allow anyone to be discriminated against on the basis of race, sex, sexual preference, or religion in the workplace. Those who have particularly religious ideals (i.e. certain holidays that must be observed, as in the Jewish faith) cannot be discriminated against by the company on the basis of these ideals. This law has been written to include any standard religious observance and thus needs to be carefully observed and respected by companies. Therefore, if companies are not allowed to discriminate on the basis of religion, they are certainly not able to discriminate against one's choice of dress because of his or her religion. While UPS does have a policy that only UPS hats can be worn on the job, in light of Eatman's known religious preference, an exception should have been made to this rule. Eatman is of the Rastafarian religion and was mandated to wear a turban to cover his dreadlocks; certainly there is no harm in this mandate. Since it was a religious policy , UPS should not have discriminated against this desire, as it is a violation of Title VII to do this.UPS further violated Title VII by actually taking the step of firing Eatman over the situation. This is demonstrating a clear act of discrimination against one of a different religion. The concept of termination is not an acceptable approach in this situation, and it is in clear violation of Title VII. Obviously Eatman had disclosed his religion and his reason for wanting to wear a turban. Since this was a religious preference and because Title VII protects religious preference in the workplace, UPS should have given into the original request. UPS does not have any right to fire somebody on the basis of wearing a turban instead of a hat for his or her religion. Had Eatman demonstrated gross negligence or demonstrated the fact that he could not successfully complete his job,that would have been another item. But the wearing of a turban versus a hat certainly has no bearing on the ove rall job performance. It is acknowledged that UPS has a policy about wearing hats, but again, the fact that this was a religious preference and request should have been considered. Not considering a religious request is a clear violation of Title VII, and UPS has certainly mistreated Eatman and his requests.In order to correct this issue, UPS must first allow Eatman to come back to his job. Since the firing on the basis of the hat policy was discriminatory and unethical, Eatman should be awarded his job. Furthermore, UPS needs to rewrite their business policies in general to make sure that their policies do not allow for any type of discrimination on the basis of race, sex, gender, sexual preference, or religion. UPS, as a company, will need to review all aspects of its policies in order to make sure that they are being fair and ethical as far as the concept of non-discrimination according to Title VII is concerned. This may need to involve all board members or stockholders, and wil l

Communication essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Communication - Essay Example Consequently, one becomes alert to the fact that television viewing is a real addiction with dire consequences. Winn’s title, ‘Cookies or Heroin’ was definitely an effective strategy in grabbing the audience’s attention and propelling them to the end of the article. This strategy was perhaps the main strategy used in the text - comparison of television addiction to the worst type of drug addiction in history. Thus, Winn constantly reminded her audience of the adverse effects of television viewing. Conversely, the author of the video initially presented images to demonstrate that television viewing was an important part of family gathering. It was only half way through the slides that one realized that the author was being deliberately deceptive. The video began with a bombardment of images of families of all creed and races in front of a television watching mindlessly as individuals spoke nonsense over the tube. All the images merged to one main television where the main actor presented himself as a ‘preacher’ and pronounces that television viewing had taken over reading and every other godly activity known to man. The video ends with the ‘preacher’ giving life to his message by suggesting that we turn the television off in the midst of his sentence.

Internal and External Analysis of Franchise

Internal and External Analysis of Franchise Penny Thomas, an Ivey graduate with the help of her daughter, who also is an Ivey graduate, decides to purchase a license to open a Marble Slab franchise in the Great Toronto Area. After paying her fees of $25,000 to the company, she starts thinking of her marketing plan for her grand opening that she has two weeks to hand to the Marble Slab head-quarters in Calgary . So she hired a marketing consultant (me) to help her. First, the corporate capabilities of the company had to be defined, financial capabilities, Marketing capabilities, Operational capabilities and the available human resources. After comprehensively studying the internal capabilities of the company, the external forces affecting the business are analyzed. The two external forces categories discussed in the report are the economical factors in the area, the social factors. Politically and technologically didnt have an effect on the business. After that, the direct and indirect competitions of Thomas were examined and t hen plans were made to compete with them. The direct competitions were Baskin Robins and Dairy Queen. The indirect competitions were McDonalds, Star Bucks, grocery and convenience stores. After carefully examining all these influential forces, a consumer analysis of the three best potential target markets were women, young adults and families was set up. And the target Market of Women was found most suitable for Thomass business because women are the primary caregivers, dominant shoppers in the community and they are more health conscious than males. Once the target market was chosen, a marketing 4Ps plan was constructed. Product wise, Marble Slab franchise had plenty of options to choose from, from milk shakes to ice cream cakes. But the primary product that Thomas should use while promoting the grand opening is the Childs size ice cream with one mixin because it is popular and it appeals to womens concerns because it is small and tasty. Then prices were determined for only caterin g, because Marble Slab is a franchise and it wasnt allowed for Thomas to change any of the prices. She only had power over the catering prices, so calculations of the breakeven points of the three different catering options were conducted and the best catering choice was the Sundae Bar option. After that, the location of the store was determined by studying each areas population and traffic. And the area that was chosen was the Toronto Annex area, although with a low population, it had a lot of foot traffic from students (almost half of students being female) and near a busy shopping street. Following the location of the business, different promotional options (billboards, radio, etc.) were examined and the most suitable, affordable combination of promotions for the grand opening were chosen. In conclusion, this marketing situation was studied comprehensively and the following results of the marketing report project that the grand opening is going to be successful along with the yea rs to come. The Marble Slab Creamery has been a well-known name in the market for ice cream since it first opened in Houston, Texas in 1983. Now Marble Slab has 400 branches worldwide in which, Penny Thomas had been blessed to be a part of when she purchased the right to open up a franchise in the Greater Toronto Area. Thomas is going to have a grand opening in May 2008 and needs a marketing plan to get approved by the headquarters in Calgary, Alberta about how she will handle the grand opening. The following marketing report breaks down the corporate abilities and the external analysis of Thomass company, also it discusses the consumer analysis and the competitive analysis. After deciding on the right target market, the report discusses Marble Slabs marketing plan which include product, price, promotion and placement. Corporate Capabilities: Marble Slab enjoys many financial abilities, being one of 400 franchises; Penny Thomas shares the same purchasing power of the franchisor. This is really helpful because Thomas would get a great deal of help from the Marble slab company by providing penny with connections that she can use to increase the store’s success and it would save her time now that she got all the connection and purchasing power she needs. Another ability and privilege that comes with a franchise is that the financial risk of any financial disaster is reduced and the consequences wouldnt be as severe because the store is backed up by a large well-established company that acts as a safety net for Penny Thomas’s store, which is helpful and the store can feel more secure. On the other hand, marketing budget was set at $10,000, which can cover all the costs of the grand opening adequately, which is good for the starting company because budget is tight for any new project and e fficiency is a key player in making the starting of this store follow more smoothly. Marketing capability wise, Penny Thomas enjoys Marble Slabs already existing prominent name, so the store isnt a new store that the target market must discover and learn about. Therefore, the franchisor made Thomas’s promotional task easier, and many existing Marble Slab customers will come to this location. As well, Marble Slab is already known for its high quality products that many customers around the 37 Ontario locations enjoy and crave. Thomas’s operational activities offer a great deal of mainly quality, freshly made ice-cream, with the option of letting the customer customize their purchases with a choice of toppings blended into their ice-cream flavour of choice, these choices include fruit pieces, candy and specialty nuts. These blends were made by a Marble Slab employee on a marble granite slab it also serves kosher, low-diet frozen yogurt, sundaes, floats, soft drinks and i ce-cream cakes. All these activate differentiate Marble slab from any competition giving them a competitive advantage that leads to more sales. Moving on to human resources, Thomas is blessed with the degree from Richard Ivey school of business, help of her daughter who also graduated from Ivey and valuable 25 years worth of experience working for the Hudson Bay company and she was familiar with her father’s past AW restaurant that he owned. This helps her greatly, because she knows what to expect and she is a very wise women in the field of business. She is also enjoying the expertise and network of the Marble Slab’s company, that helps her get started with the help of her network and make her avoid wrong decisions that were made in the past. Marble Slab’s employees must be well trained to handle all the machines and blending techniques so they can achieve the whole Marble slab’s experience that the customer expects. Employees are also highly hygienic be cause the work requires lots of hand work. External Analysis: The economy this year is going through a difficult recession in the United States. Which raises fears on how the Canadian economy will get affected later with the decline in Canadian exports and the commodity prices, only one wonders how the recession will hit Canada. But the consumer spending and the Canadian GDP are still growing. This instability raises fears for the business, maybe hurting it in the future because if the recession does hit, less consumers will be able to afford the quality of Marble Slab so sales will decline. Also because Marble Slab deals with dairy products, cocoa and sugar commodities, in which always fluctuate in price and never stable depending on supply and demand of the market. That may hurt or help the business because prices might fall to less than expected, increasing the marginal profit or increasing to more than expected, decreasing the marginal profit. Socially, Thomas’s business is expected to decline in winter months, bec ause of Canada’s long harsh winters, because less people get a craving for good ice cream in the winter months than in the summer. Ice cream is also became a popular snack within the people, with the average Canadian consuming 8.4 litters annually in 2007. Also, the companys good quality products give the store an advantage of having people to like to show off in a way Marble Slab’s ice cream while they are eating it with their friends. Also, there is growing health a trend growing that pushes people to look for healthier ways to snack such as frozen yogurt, in which Marble Slab’s serves their customers. Competitive Analysis: Marble Slabs direct competitions in the market are Baskin Robins and Dairy Queen. Baskin Robins always had a strong presence in the Canadian Market. They have their stores present in good locations with high traffic for customers convenience. They serve 31 original high quality flavours, with the same price range as Marble Slab. Baskin Robins also enjoys a fortune of resources and promotional power. Though Baskin Robins has all these features, they dont give their customers the option of customizing their purchase like Marble Slab does. Marble Slab can compete with them by keeping the prices in the same range while emphasizing to the target market the option for customers to customize their purchases. This way Marble Slab would have a competitive advantage over Baskin Robins. Baskin might respond to this by introducing the same option we offer or decreasing their prices. The other direct competition to Marble Slab is the world-wide restaurant of Dairy Queen, whi ch served the same category of products with the option of customized purchase to their customer as marble slab does, but Dairy queen also sells hot food items such as hotdogs, burgers and fries. On top of that, they targeted the family markets because they also offer friendly-kid options. Dairy Queen is present in high traffic areas such as malls. Marble Slap therefore, has to try to avoid competing with Dairy Queen by targeting a market other than families, and at the same time focus on the quality of Marble Slabs products and show customers that they may be paying more but the quality they are gaining is much more than Dairy Queen. Dairy Queen might respond to this by increasing the quality of their products and focusing on the hot foods that they serve and promote it more to attract more customers. For competitive positioning map (see Exhibit #1). In addition to Marble Slabs direct competition, Marble Slab has three indirect competition; McDonalds, Starbucks and Grocers and convenience stores. McDonalds is the worlds largest fast food chain restaurant. Other than hot foods, they offer soft-serve dessert items such as ice cream, milk shakes and the Mcflurry. McDonalds is present in high traffic areas and offers a drive thru for customers in a hurry. They have cheap prices that anyone can afford in Canada, but also serve low quality products. McDonalds may seem like tough competition but it is not because it serves limited options for its customers. Marble Slab should focus on their quality and the unique Marble Slab way of making their products and making it more accessible for customers by adding a drive thru option. McDonalds wouldnt respond because their main goals arent about frozen desserts, they care more about their hot foods. A second indirect competition to Marble Slab is Starbucks, which is a premium retailer of coffe e dessert and fresh food items. Starbucks gives its customer a cozy atmosphere and wireless internet. Like Marble Slab, it offers high quality products for premium prices. Marble Slab already serves better quality choices and options of ice cream which gives a competitive advantage to Marble Slab. Marble Slab can also compete with Starbucks by giving the same cozy atmosphere in the restaurant but also suitable for younger children. Starbucks will respond to this by introducing new drinks which will appeal to children. The third indirect competition is the mass produce ice cream companies that distribute to grocers and convenience stores. These products appeal to a lot of people because they vary in prices and they are really accessible for customers because they are sold in grocery or convenience stores. Problem with this is that they are not always fresh and full of ingredients that keep the product fresh which can be harmful to the customer. Marble Slab can compete with this by se lling their mixes and their ice creams at a number of grocery and convenience stores in the future. For competitive positioning map(see Exhibit #1). Consumer Analysis There are three target market options that will probably appeal to Marble Slab, families, young adults and women. Families with children under 15 years of age are the best potential customers. Children represent the bottom of the population pyramid, which means that they are more than any other target market. Families eat ice creams when they go out with their children and the children ask their parents to buy them ice cream to satisfy their sweet tooth. Families are willing to buy mostly on weekends at locations near parks while taking the kids out, and inside malls while shopping. The second target market are young adults that age from 15-24 years of age who have some or full independence, and can spend their disposable income on social interactions. Young adults find ice cream a popular after a long day at work or at school or just simply to chill out. Young adults are influenced to buy from Marbles by seeing famous people or their idles eat Marble slabs Ice crea m. Young Adults would purchase an ice cream from shopping centres while they are shopping or beside a high school or a college when they are on break or after class. As good as the young adults target market sounds, it is very competitive because there is already a lot of ice cream outlets targeting this group. Which leads to the last target market†¦ Women, which are the best target Market for Thomass Marble Slab creamery. Because women are the caregivers and dominant grocery shoppers in our society, they also do more shopping than men in general, and they are more health conscious, which is good for the stores low-fat snacks. Women are influenced to purchase from Marble Slab when seeing skinny models satisfying their taste buds by enjoying their tasty Marble Slab snack, while still keeping their bodies fit. Women are everywhere, they can purchase from shopping malls, streets, gyms, parks and colleges at any time of the day, any day of the week, but mostly weekends. And women s pend alot of time at malls so Marble Slab would be a great snack for them. 4Ps {Product} Marble Slab is a franchise that differentiates itself from other ice-cream outlets because it serves their customers high quality, top of the line products. With the option of customizing their purchases by choosing different flavour blends and mixins which included, fruit pieces, candies and specialty nuts. Mixins were blended by employees on a marble granite slab. Also Marble Slab offers Kosher for the Jewish customers and a wide variety of different milkshakes, frozen yogurt, sundaes, milkshakes, floats, ice cream cakes, soft drinks and newly added fat-free frozen yogurt. The product that Thomas should focus and promote the most is Childs size ice cream because it is fairly popular and it appeals to her target market which is women, because it is a small portion with less calories and very tasty. {Price} Marble Slab is a franchise; therefore it doesnt have any power of changing of prices.(For unit contributions of products see exhibit 3) It requires Thomas to sell 7764 units of Childs size ice cream to break even and start making a profit. (see exhibit 2). Childs size ice cream is the product that will be promoted with the promotion of the grand opening, because it appeals to womens needs; its small and tasty. But the company gave Thomas the flexibility of prices in catering. Thomas should choose the Sundae bar catering option because it gets the most profit selling less units to break even than the other options. Sundae Bar needs 57 customers to breakeven the costs while the Ice Cream social needs 59 customers to break even and start making a profit.(see exhibit 4) The portable Slab option is unaffordable because there is only $685 left from the $10,000 budget that was set for the promotion, and $2,500 are needed for additional equipment.(exhibit 5) Thomas should keep her pr ice at the average which is $6.95 per person because price wars may lead to bankruptcy and because she is located in a busy area beside a university and a shopping street. Therefore, will get a lot of catering offers because it is where a lot of students and women who are either shopping or hanging around or at university would probably come and party on birthdays and other occasions. {Placement} Thomas should open her Marble Slab restaurant in the Toronto Annex Area. Although it has a smaller population of any of the four options, The Annex area has a lot of traffic from the university that is there and it is very close to Bloor Street, which is a major shopping street. This location is the most appropriate for the Creamery because Thomass target market is women. And women are the primary shoppers in society and the university probably has a high percentage of females attending it. So this location is located in the heart of where many women walk for either shopping or going to class. The location will also help have a more successful grand opening because it is exposed to people who go thru that busy area. {Promotion}To effectively promote the new store for the grand opening, Thomas should spend $2,120 on two street level media unit, in the Toronto Annex area , because the street media would be exposed to the people shopping and in university, showing them that a light, low fat snack from Marble Slab would be delicious while shopping or after class. In addition, Thomas should purchase two 10Ãâ€"20 feet billboards costing $2950 that would be located in high traffic roads. These billboards and street media should show a visual image of the creaminess, lightness and taste of a super premium Ice cream, preferably a childs size ice cream with one mixin, because it is small in calories and it would be best to promote. The advertisement will have a beautiful athlete physically-fit model eating from it. That way it will appeal to the target markets taste buds and show that you can stay healthy and fit while still eating delicious food. Thomas should also spend $645 on a daytime radio commercial for 30 seconds and $650 on a radio commercial at breakfast time. Thomas should purchase those times because morning time is the most time that people tune in to listen to the radio while they are eating breakfast or driving to work. And the other commercia l at daytime is effective, because it is when most people are awake and thinking of things to eat to get on with their day. Both types of promotion should emphasize the good quality, freshness and low fat in Marble Slabs products. All this adds up to $9315, which is less than the budget of $10,000 with an excess of $685. (See Exhibit 5) Confidently, this report will satisfy Penny Thomass wants and needs. This report discussed in detail the corporate capabilities, consumer analysis, competition analysis and the external analysis of the franchise. And from studying all these factors, the most suitable product, location, price and promotion were chosen for the grand opening of this franchise within the budget of $10,000. In conclusion, this marketing plan was designed to boost the businesss success from the start of the grand opening and for the many years to come. Surely, the Marble Slabs headquarters will approve of this report and would be anxious to see the results when the grand opening is on May 2008.